.| OPERATOR | DEFINITION | EXAMPLES |
|---|---|---|
| FROM: | Used to specify the sender | Example: from:amy Meaning: Messages from Amy |
| TO: | Used to specify a recipient | Example: to:david Meaning: All messages that were sent to David (by you or someone else) |
| SUBJECT: | Search for words in the subject line | Example: subject:dinner Meaning: Messages that have the word "dinner" in the subject |
| OR | Search for messages matching term A or term B* *OR must be in all caps | Example: from:amy OR from:david Meaning: Messages from Amy or from David |
| - (HYPHEN) | Used to exclude messages from your search | Example: dinner -movie Meaning: Messages that contain the word "dinner" but do not contain the word "movie" |
| LABEL: | Search for messages by label* *There isn't a search operator for unlabeled messages | Example: from:amy label:friends Meaning: Messages from Amy that have the label "friends" Example: from:david label:my-family Meaning: Messages from David that have the label "My Family" |
| HAS:ATTACHMENT | Search for messages with an attachment | Example: from:david has:attachment Meaning: Messages from David that have an attachment |
| LIST: | Search for messages on mailing lists | Example: list:info@example.com Meaning: Messages with the words info@example.com in the headers, sent to or from this list |
| FILENAME: | Search for an attachment by name or type | Example: filename:physicshomework.txt Meaning: Messages with an attachment named "physicshomework.txt" Example: label:work filename:pdf Meaning: Messages labeled "work" that also have a PDF file as an attachment |
| " " (QUOTES) | Used to search for an exact phrase* *Capitalization isn't taken into consideration | Example: "i'm feeling lucky" Meaning: Messages containing the phrase "i'm feeling lucky" or "I'm feeling lucky" Example: subject:"dinner and a movie" Meaning: Messages containing the phrase "dinner and a movie" in the subject |
| ( ) | Used to group words Used to specify terms that shouldn't be excluded | Example: from:amy (dinner OR movie) Meaning: Messages from Amy that contain either the word "dinner" or the word "movie" Example: subject:(dinner movie) Meaning: Messages in which the subject contains both the word "dinner" and the word "movie" |
| IN:ANYWHERE | Search for messages anywhere in Gmail* *Messages in Spam and Trashare excluded from searches by default | Example: in:anywhere movie Meaning: Messages in All Mail, Spam, and Trash that contain the word "movie" |
| IN:INBOX IN:TRASH IN:SPAM | Search for messages in Inbox,Trash, or Spam | Example: in:trash from:amy Meaning: Messages from Amy that are in Trash |
| IS:IMPORTANT LABEL:IMPORTANT | Search within messages thatPriority Inbox considers important. | Example: is:important from:janet Meaning: Messages from Janet that were marked as important byPriority Inbox |
| IS:STARRED IS:UNREAD IS:READ | Search for messages that are starred, unread, or read | Example: is:read is:starred from:David Meaning: Messages from David that have been read and are marked with a star |
| HAS:YELLOW-STAR HAS:RED-STAR HAS:ORANGE-STAR HAS:GREEN-STAR HAS:BLUE-STAR HAS:PURPLE-STAR HAS:RED-BANG HAS:ORANGE-GUILLEMET HAS:YELLOW-BANG HAS:GREEN-CHECK HAS:BLUE-INFO HAS:PURPLE-QUESTION | Search for messages with a particular star | Example: has:purple-star from:David Meaning: Messages from David that are marked with a purple star |
| CC: BCC: | Used to specify recipients in thecc: or bcc: fields* *Search on bcc: cannot retrieve messages on which you were blind carbon copied | Example: cc:david Meaning: Messages that were cc-ed to David |
| AFTER: BEFORE: OLDER: NEWER: | Search for messages sent during a certain period of time (using the date format yyyy/mm/dd) | Example: after:2004/04/16 before:2004/04/18 Meaning: Messages sent between April 16, 2004 and April 18, 2004.* *More precisely: Messages sent after 12:00 AM (or 00:00) April 16, 2004 and before April 18, 2004. |
| OLDER_THAN NEWER_THAN | Similar to older and newer, but allows relative dates using d, m, and y for day, month, and year | Example: newer_than:2d Meaning: Finds messages sent within the last two days. |
| IS:CHAT | Search for chat messages | Example: is:chat monkey Meaning: Any chat message including the word "monkey." |
| DELIVEREDTO: | Search for messages within a particular email address in the Delivered-To line of the message header | Example: deliveredto:username@gmail.com Meaning: Any message with username@gmail.com in the Delivered-To: field of the message header (which can help you find messages forwarded from another account or ones sent to an alias). |
| CIRCLE: | Search for messages that were sent from someone who you added to a particular Google+ circle | Example: circle:friends Meaning: Any message that was sent by a person in your "Friends" circle. Examples: circle:"soccer friends (team blue)" or circle:"my \"fab four\"" Notes: For circle names that include a space, parentheses, curly brackets, or vertical bar, add quotes around the name. For names that include quotes, add a back slash immediately before the quotes. |
| HAS:CIRCLE | Search for all messages that were sent from someone who you added to your Google+ circles | Example: has:circle Meaning: Any message that was sent by a person in any of your circles. |
| SIZE: | Search for messages larger than the specified size in bytes | Example: size:1000000 Meaning: All messages larger than 1MB (1,000,000 bytes) in size. |
| LARGER: SMALLER: | Similar to size: but allows abbreviations for numbers | Example: larger:10M Meaning: All messages of at least 10M bytes (10,000,000 bytes) in size. |
| + (PLUS SIGN) | Match the search term exactly | Example: +unicorn Meaning: Finds messages containing “unicorn” but not “unicorns” or “unciorn” |
| RFC822MSGID: | Find a message by the message-id header | Example:rfc822msgid:20050329231145.62086.mail@mail.emailprovider.com Meaning: Locates the exact message with the specified SMTP1message-id. Learn more about headers. |
| HAS:USERLABELS HAS:NOUSERLABELS | Search for messages that have and have not had labels that you created applied to them. NOTE: Gmail applies labels to individual messages, not to conversation threads. | Example: has:nouserlabels Meaning: Finds all messages without any of your own labels (excludes automatic labels like inbox, spam, and trash). Since Gmail applies labels to individual messages, you might see results that appear to have labels; in this case, another message in the same conversation thread has had a label applied to it. |
To Check the Java Version in Your System Run The Following Command in Command Line or Terminal
java -version java version "1.6.0_26" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_26-b03) Java HotSpot(TM) Server VM (build 20.1-b02, mixed mode) |
Notes:
Hotspot Virtual Machine
Both the client and server Hotspot compilers are included in the Java Runtime Environment.
By default the client compiler is enabled, but for intense server-side applications, you can run the server compiler with the -server runtime option. The Hotspot virtual machine normally runs in a mixed mode, as seen in the -version output. Mixed mode means Hotspot dynamically compiles Java bytecodes into native code when a number of criteria have been met, including the number of times the method has been run through the interpreter. Mixed runtime mode normally results in the best performance.
One major difference between developing on Linux from other Unix operating systems is the system threads library. In Java 2 releases prior to 1.3, the Java virtual machine uses its own threads library, known as green threads, to implement threads in the Java platform. The advantage here is that green threads minimize the Java virtual machine's exposure to differences in the Linux threads library and makes the port easier to complete. The downside is that using green threads means system threads on Linux are not taken advantage of and so the Java virtual machine is not scalable when additional CPUs are added.
In Java 2 Release 1.3, the Hotspot virtual machine uses system threads to implement Java threads. Because Linux threads are implemented as a cloned process, each Java thread shows up in the process table if you run the ps command. This is normal behavior on Linux.
java -jar Notepad.jar ps -eo pid,ppid,command PID PPID COMMAND 11667 28367 /usr/java/jdk1.3/bin/i386/native_threads/java -jar Notepad.jar 11712 11667 /usr/java/jdk1.3/bin/i386/native_threads/java -jar Notepad.jar 11713 11712 /usr/java/jdk1.3/bin/i386/native_threads/java -jar Notepad.jar 11714 11712 /usr/java/jdk1.3/bin/i386/native_threads/java -jar Notepad.jar 11715 11712 /usr/java/jdk1.3/bin/i386/native_threads/java -jar Notepad.jar 11716 11712 /usr/java/jdk1.3/bin/i386/native_threads/java -jar Notepad.jar 11717 11712 /usr/java/jdk1.3/bin/i386/native_threads/java -jar Notepad.jar 11718 11712 /usr/java/jdk1.3/bin/i386/native_threads/java -jar Notepad.jar 11722 11712 /usr/java/jdk1.3/bin/i386/native_threads/java -jar Notepad.jar 11723 11712 /usr/java/jdk1.3/bin/i386/native_threads/java -jar Notepad.jar 11724 11712 /usr/java/jdk1.3/bin/i386/native_threads/java -jar Notepad.jar 11726 11712 /usr/java/jdk1.3/bin/i386/native_threads/java -jar Notepad.jar |
In the above listing, the process ID 11712 shown in the left-most PID column is the invoked Java virtual machine. The other processes that show process ID 11712 in the PPID column have process ID 11712 as their parent process. These children to process ID 11712 are Java threads implemented by the Linux system threads library. Each Linux thread is created as a process clone operation, which leaves the scheduling of threads to be a task of the process scheduler.
By comparison, on Solaris the Java threads are mapped onto user threads, which in turn are run on Lightweight processes (LWP). On Windows the threads are created inside the process itself. For this reason, creating a large number of Java threads on Solaris and Windows today is faster than on Linux. This means you might need to adjust programs that rely on platform-specific timing to take a little longer on startup when they run on Linux.
Thanks
http://java.sun.com/developer/technicalArticles/Programming/linux/
java -version java version "1.6.0_26" Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.6.0_26-b03) Java HotSpot(TM) Server VM (build 20.1-b02, mixed mode) |
-server runtime option. The Hotspot virtual machine normally runs in a mixed mode, as seen in the -version output. Mixed mode means Hotspot dynamically compiles Java bytecodes into native code when a number of criteria have been met, including the number of times the method has been run through the interpreter. Mixed runtime mode normally results in the best performance.ps command. This is normal behavior on Linux.java -jar Notepad.jar ps -eo pid,ppid,command PID PPID COMMAND 11667 28367 /usr/java/jdk1.3/bin/i386/native_threads/java -jar Notepad.jar 11712 11667 /usr/java/jdk1.3/bin/i386/native_threads/java -jar Notepad.jar 11713 11712 /usr/java/jdk1.3/bin/i386/native_threads/java -jar Notepad.jar 11714 11712 /usr/java/jdk1.3/bin/i386/native_threads/java -jar Notepad.jar 11715 11712 /usr/java/jdk1.3/bin/i386/native_threads/java -jar Notepad.jar 11716 11712 /usr/java/jdk1.3/bin/i386/native_threads/java -jar Notepad.jar 11717 11712 /usr/java/jdk1.3/bin/i386/native_threads/java -jar Notepad.jar 11718 11712 /usr/java/jdk1.3/bin/i386/native_threads/java -jar Notepad.jar 11722 11712 /usr/java/jdk1.3/bin/i386/native_threads/java -jar Notepad.jar 11723 11712 /usr/java/jdk1.3/bin/i386/native_threads/java -jar Notepad.jar 11724 11712 /usr/java/jdk1.3/bin/i386/native_threads/java -jar Notepad.jar 11726 11712 /usr/java/jdk1.3/bin/i386/native_threads/java -jar Notepad.jar |
11712 shown in the left-most PID column is the invoked Java virtual machine. The other processes that show process ID 11712 in the PPID column have process ID 11712 as their parent process. These children to process ID 11712 are Java threads implemented by the Linux system threads library. Each Linux thread is created as a process clone operation, which leaves the scheduling of threads to be a task of the process scheduler.